Lancia Motor Club Forum Banner
08 October, 2024, 10:13:33 AM *
Welcome, Guest. Please login or register.

Login with username, password and session length
News: Need to contact the Forum Administrator? e-mail forum.admin@lanciamc.co.uk     -      Copy deadline for Viva Lancia is 12th of each month.      -      For Events e-mail events@lanciamc.co.uk      -      To Join the club go to http://www.lanciamc.co.uk/join.htm
 
   Home   Help Search Calendar Register  
Pages: [1] 2 3   Go Down
  Print  
Author Topic: Round type and square type inlet manifolds  (Read 19914 times)
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« on: 18 February, 2008, 09:12:18 AM »

I understand the very early inlets had exhaust heating.  Both types I have seem to connect to the same ports in the head with water heating.  Anyone tell me when each was used, pros, cons, gotchas.

Both have drain taps - the round type also has a take off of some sort on the top of an inlet passage.  Did Aprilias ever have a vacuum guage or a vacuum windscreen wiper?

Photos to follow...

David
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« Reply #1 on: 18 February, 2008, 02:29:56 PM »

Photos per above.

David


* Inlet4.jpg (69.7 KB, 600x450 - viewed 403 times.)

* Inlet1.jpg (76.74 KB, 600x450 - viewed 400 times.)

* Inlet3.jpg (57 KB, 600x450 - viewed 387 times.)

* Inlet2.jpg (30.86 KB, 600x450 - viewed 415 times.)
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
Sliding Pillar
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 1716



« Reply #2 on: 18 February, 2008, 06:27:27 PM »

I think the difference is that the smaller square type was on the first series 1350cc car and the larger round type on the second series 1500cc car.  I had the later round one on my 1350cc car with a large Zenith carb and it was the fastest Aprilia I had driven, better than a car with a big carb but only the small manifold. Ade.
Logged

1955 Aurelia
1961 Lamborghini
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« Reply #3 on: 18 February, 2008, 07:30:36 PM »


I've a large and complicated looking Zenith VN and an adaptor plate to get me going but am concerned that its post war (I don't know for sure...) and the VSCC won't like it.  The next idea is a downdraught SU as its such a known quantity to get bits to set up just-so.

Any idea what that vacuum take off is for?

David
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
JohnMillham
Lapsed
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 1045



« Reply #4 on: 18 February, 2008, 09:09:36 PM »

The vacuum take off could have been for a windscreen washer. Such washers were popular years ago.
Logged
ColinMarr
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 1659



« Reply #5 on: 18 February, 2008, 11:10:39 PM »

The more rounded manifold (still fitted to the head in your photo) is more familiar as on a late Series 1 car.  I agree with Ade – best used with a big Zenith or better still a big Weber. I have never ever seen an Aprilia fitted with an SU! Did SU ever do a downdraft version?

There may have been a coolant duct through the manifold, but I don’t think any Aprilia had an EXHAUST heated manifold!

I suspect the connector fitting you have is for a vacuum econo-meter or as John says, for a screen-washer.

The photo below shows the early Aprilia from Italy that did the Sliding Pillar rally in 2006. It looks to have an early ‘square section’ manifold with the standard small Zenith carb. (Had I known David was going to ask all these questions, I would have taken more photos!) Note the very elegant cam actuated hand throttle linkage. What a fantastic car!

(Only I can’t post the photo because the bloody uploader is full again – s*d it!)

Colin
Logged
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« Reply #6 on: 19 February, 2008, 09:10:59 AM »


One of my Viva cuttings said the very first cars had exhaust heating - maybe only prototypes that iced on the top of a mountain and they tumbled down the nearest ravine in disgust.  When I see it next I'll quote the referance.

Sounding like "square" is small and early - the academic debate as to quite when they made the change - for my purposes it sounds like its the one to use.  Also sounds like the tapping is not original, but might be handy to drive a vacuum wiper motor I have in hand.  Useless - but light and simple - and wipers can be quite a wee project in themselves as I learnt with the Aurelia and am struggling with on the Midget. 

The question this throws up is how much the 1500 and 1350 engines have in common.  Looking in LaLancia its 72 bore x 83 stroke for 1352cc against 74.61 x 85 => 1486cc.   

My engine numbers:

MOT97 *1383*, MOT97 *1637*, MOT97 *5* which is the dirty one - I struggle to believe it was 5th off the line...  Is that a code for "replacement spare" or something?   

David
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
Scarpia
Lapsed
Rebel Poster
*
Posts: 723



« Reply #7 on: 20 February, 2008, 06:02:16 PM »

Am I confused (don't all shout at once),

 but what is the purpose of the heating/cooling facility in the manifold. Is it to try and cool the charge on the way to the combustion chamber (to enhance in some respect the combustion process) or is it to warm the manifold as the engine heats up.Neither seems practical to me in terms of actually making a difference.Cold starting and icing of the carb will not be helped in the first few miles if the water jacket is still cool and conversely the small channels I see won't really cool the inlet manifold very much in my view when the whole thing is at running temperature.

I even less see the relationship in terms of preventing carb icing and I thought that didn't exist anyway in the good old days? (I understood this results from the use of modern petrol which is "thinner" and has different characteristics to older fuels;)
answers on a postcard please ...
Logged
fay66
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 6222



« Reply #8 on: 20 February, 2008, 07:23:55 PM »

Depends if your talking about a water heated manifold or not, my experiences of water heated manifolds is that the actual amount of coolant concerned is minimal, & as it is coming directly off the cylinder head & block water jacket, as soon as the engine is running it starts warming up quite quickly to aid mixing the fuel & air. try putting your fingers on a water heated manifold after a couple of minutes.
Thinking back to my old Vauxhall days the intake manifold was mounted siamese fashion directly above the exhaust manifold, with a thermostatically(coiled spring) controlled flap that directed the exhaust gases to the underside of the inlet manifold, which warmed things up pretty rapidly! downside was when the spring weaked it rattled like buggery Shocked
As for carb icing, it's always been around! certainly in my personal experience since my motoring days started back in the 1950's. 
Logged

Own 1966 Fulvia 2C Berlina since 1997, back on road 11-1999.Known as "Fay"
2006 Renault Megane 1 5 Dci Sports Tourer
Dedra Technical Adviser
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« Reply #9 on: 20 February, 2008, 08:35:27 PM »


I measured up and both the same size for carb, all ports, and bolt holes.

The water passageways on the "round" inlet are SOLID with what looks like a soot and lime mixture.  Am knibbling away with a dental probe and have a satisfying pile of dirt to show for it for all still a way to go to clear it fully.

David
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
ColinMarr
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 1659



« Reply #10 on: 20 February, 2008, 09:33:23 PM »

I have to say I share Scarpia’s doubts about the wisdom of pumping coolant through the inlet manifold, but it seems to be common practice. I think my Aprilia’s late type manifold had passages for water, and the Fulvia’s thermostat housing is surely located where it is to warm the inlet tract.

All other things being equal (which they never are!) you might expect it to be best to cool the inlet so as to get the maximum amount (mass) of air + fuel into the cylinder. But, once the engine is up to temperature, I can only imagine that it’s heating rather than cooling that takes place. Perhaps this warming of the inlet is to counter any tendency for icing-up.

Icing-up can be a real problem. I had this with a Fiat Uno, which unknown to me was missing its flap-valve in the air box designed to take warm air from the exhaust manifold. The result was an occasional ice encrusted carburettor, which stopped everything, most notably on warm humid summer days – all very distressing. I have never encountered this problem with any other car.

Colin
Logged
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« Reply #11 on: 20 February, 2008, 11:08:56 PM »


A turbo gets very hot - red hot - a note on the Phoenix Car Company page (engine woes with the car pictured inside the front cover of Viva Lancia each and every month) says 1090 degrees celcius.  On top of heat soak there is also the problem of air getting hot as its compressed.  Wrapping the exhaust and heat sheilds and having the correct spec intercooler and getting the cold air intake and who knows what else right are "details" that will make the differance between a championship winner and a car that does a couple of laps between repaints.

http://www.phoenixcarcompany.co.uk/latest_news.html

By contrast ambiant air temperature over 40 degrees is considered "hot".  What sort of temperature would an Aprilia's water run at?   I'd think the 70-90 range.   The exhaust will be more than warm but it is over the other side of a tall and wide block.  Maybe Scarpia can fix a max/min thermometer under his bonnet and enlighten us as to the range he sees.  In a normally aspirated engine there's also the issue of wind chill.   For a 1350cc Aprilia engine with a 32mm choke at 3000rpm I make it a 93mph breeze through the carb.  Hand out the window at 90mph and its chilly.

For sure if the carb is too hot vapourisation becomes the problem...

As discussed on another thread "cool fuel" can be a benefit...

For sure there's a small gain for getting cold air from infront of the radiator...

Then again a "clever" cold air intake system might be restrictive and sap more power than it gives back.  I remember a write up on a Fulvia in I think Classics Monthly were such a system fell off and they found it went much better.

David
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
ColinMarr
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 1659



« Reply #12 on: 21 February, 2008, 06:28:18 PM »

Let’s not get carried away by ‘wind chill’ and ‘hand out of the window at 90mph’. An engine drawing air through an otherwise dry carburettor will not chill the carb – it might even heat it up a tiny bit. The chilling effect comes from the vaporisation of the fuel. This change of state from liquid to vapour requires energy in the form of heat to be absorbed from the surroundings – just like the refrigerant in a fridge. It is this localised cooling around the venturi that can cause condensation and freezing of water vapour in the air that is drawn into the carb, and hence icing up.

I can’t remember anyone having icing-up problems with an Aprilia. Also I suspect that the water-ways into the inlet manifold were well and truly crudded-up many years ago and there wasn’t much warmth from that source.

At risk of another diversion… Remember that the Aprilia was designed to run on very low octane fuel. Modern higher octane fuels burn more slowly. An example that I know from a few years ago, was an Aprilia engine, running on what was probably 4 star, with the exhaust manifold glowing dull red because the exhaust valves were opening on still-burning fuel. I don’t suppose the exhaust valves liked this very much. How do Aprilia runners cope with this nowadays?

Colin
Logged
Scarpia
Lapsed
Rebel Poster
*
Posts: 723



« Reply #13 on: 21 February, 2008, 07:06:57 PM »

spot on Colin.
and the characteristics of modern fuel enhances this evaporation I understood. This is why I thought this was a recent phenomenon but Brian suggests it exists a long time already.To visualise it better think of a camping gas bottle that forms ice on the outside on a summers day.I have had this on holiday in spain at 35 degrees with thick white ice forming due to this cooling effect.

The octane argument becomes complicated but ironically octane retards ignition so "high" octane actually burns later as Colin correctly points out. Sounds the wrong way around of course.Incidentally , lead was introduced to perform the same retarding function and they only discovered later the protective qualities for the valve seats.
Logged
DavidLaver
Permanent resident
**
Posts: 4383



« Reply #14 on: 21 February, 2008, 11:35:06 PM »

Anyone help on this one:  "The question this throws up is how much the 1500 and 1350 engines have in common"

As for wind chill try this experiment: breath out - open lips - open teeth about 5mm - breath in quickly.  My teeth get very chilly.  How does that differ from air through a carb?   Am not saying its the whole story, but its a factor.

With the round manifold I dug as deep as I could.  Brushing I knocked out a plug the oposite side from the head but so far, for a fair bit of scraping, the blind hole goes nowhere.   Under the remains of the carb gasget is a date stamp 1940something and I think its 1945.   The square one is stamped 1939 on the side.

Am finding the variety of stampings facinating - no idea what they are or mean but an intreaging variety.

David
Logged

David Laver, Lewisham.
Pages: [1] 2 3   Go Up
  Print  
 
Jump to:  

Contact the Forum Administrator

LMC Forum copyright © 2007 - 2021 Lancia Motor Club Ltd

Powered by SMF 1.1.20 | SMF © 2006-2011, Simple Machines
Page created in 0.075 seconds with 20 queries.